本文主要向大家介绍了MySQL数据库之5分钟了解MySQL5.7对in用法有什么黑科技 ，通过具体的内容向大家展现，希望对大家学习MySQL数据库有所帮助。

构建测试环境

Part1:创建测试数据库

[root@HE1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.7.15-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> select version();
+------------+
| version()  |
+------------+
| 5.7.15-log |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

[root@HE3 ~]# /usr/local/mariadb/bin/mysql -uroot -S /tmp/mariadb.sock
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 3
Server version: 10.1.16-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [helei]> select version();
+-----------------+
| version()       |
+-----------------+
| 10.1.16-MariaDB |
+-----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

如何构建MySQL5.7测试环境和MariaDB10.1测试环境本文不做赘述，如有需要可移步：

一分钟完成MySQL5.7安装

//suifu.blog.51cto.com/9167728/1855415

MariaDB10.1自动化部署

//suifu.blog.51cto.com/9167728/1830575

Part2:构建测试表

CREATE TABLE helei (
id INT (10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
c1 INT (10) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
c2 INT (10) UNSIGNED DEFAULT NULL,
c5 INT (10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
c3 TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
c4 VARCHAR (200) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
PRIMARY KEY (id),
KEY idx_c1 (c1),
KEY idx_c2 (c2)
) ENGINE = INNODB;

对比测试结果

Part1:MyriaDB10.1.16

MariaDB [helei]> explain select * from helei where (id,c1) in ((100,2684),(101,3566));
+------+-------------+-------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------------+
| id   | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key  | key_len | ref  | rows | Extra       |
+------+-------------+-------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------------+
|    1 | SIMPLE      | helei | ALL  | NULL          | NULL | NULL    | NULL | 5198 | Using where |
+------+-------------+-------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

可以看到，MariaDB对这条SQL总共扫描了5198行，且没有用到任何的索引。

Part2:MySQL5.7.15

mysql> explain select * from helei where (id,c1) in ((100,2684),(101,3566));
+----+-------------+-------+------------+-------+----------------+---------+---------+------+------+----------+-------------+
| id | select_type | table | partitions | type  | possible_keys  | key     | key_len | ref  | rows | filtered | Extra       |
+----+-------------+-------+------------+-------+----------------+---------+---------+------+------+----------+-------------+
|  1 | SIMPLE      | helei | NULL       | range | PRIMARY,idx_c1 | PRIMARY | 4       | NULL |    2 |    20.00 | Using where |
+----+-------------+-------+------------+-------+----------------+---------+---------+------+------+----------+-------------+
1 row in set, 1 warning (0.29 sec)

可以看到，MySQL5.7版本已经用到了索引，一共扫描条数为2行。这是因为该语句已经被MySQL5.7的内部优化器改写为如下图所示：

——总结——

可以看出，MariaDB版本内部优化器无法改写，因此对于这类查询只能全表扫描。经测试，MySQL5.6和MariaDB10.0/10.1都无法改写。由于笔者的水平有限，编写时间也很仓促，文中难免会出现一些错误或者不准确的地方，不妥之处恳请读者批评指正。

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